This dissertation investigates the pedagogical practices of teachers who teach mathematics in the early years of elementary school to overcome hegemonic traditional practices. Based on qualitative research using resources inspired by the life history methodology, interviews were conducted with four polyvalent teachers who work in the early years of elementary school and teach mathematics using non-traditional practices. The main objective of the research was to understand how their personal, formative, and professional trajectories were influenced by the teaching of mathematics and how these trajectories transformed their teaching practices. In dialogue with authors such as Nóvoa, Goodson, Candau, and Boaler, the research results, within their methodological limitations, indicated that the ability of the interviewed teachers to break away from traditional practices and present insurgent teaching practices is linked to their role as teacher-researchers, highlighting the reflective nature of their practice. Thus, the break with traditional practices is connected to the fact that these teachers are not mathematics specialists but rather knowledgeable about the teaching profession.