The teaching of Botany is one of the subjects of biology that have great difficulty for students to understand. There are several factors that make teaching this content more difficult. For this reason, it is necessary to develop and use resources that facilitate students understanding of the themes, instigating, provoking and bringing the contents closer to the students daily lives and, when possible, rescuing previous knowledge. The use of various didactic resources is pointed out as of fundamental importance in the training of students, especially those who can bring them closer to their reality, to their daily lives. Medicinal plants emerge as an important tool that teachers can use in an attempt to overcome the difficulties related to the teaching of Botany, as they allow scientifics and populars knowledge on this topic to be worked on and enable an interdisciplinary approach. This work aimed the build of a didactic guide for teaching and learning in Botany, with the intention of contributing to the learning of EJA students, promoting active participation through the rescue of traditional customs and knowledge about medicinal plants, stimulating curiosity and ludic. As a way of selection of the species, legends, tales, myths and historical facts related to plants that could arouse students interest on the subject were researched. An active search was carried out in specialized books, scientific dissemination articles and a survey of scientific publications in the Portal Periódicos CAPES and Google Scholar databases. The material entitled “Medicinal plants - their curiosities, legends, myths and historical facts. Didactic guide for teaching and learning in Botany contains information on 15 medicinal species. This guide presents itself as an important didactic resource in the search for greater dynamism of classes and for an escape from traditional didactics, transforming students into participatory, active and more integrated members in Botany classes.