Due to significant environmental pollution, different strategies require to be implemented for environmental remediation. Among the different approaches, it is possible to cite the adsorption of metallic cations from aqueous solutions, adsorption of pharmaceuticals, and the use and storage of green energy. With this in mind, the present study reports the use of the mentioned strategies. Thus, oxidized cellulose nanofibers, produced via TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidinyl-N-oxyl), TCNF, were used for the removal of iron, zinc, and cobalt cations from aqueous solution. Their adsorptive capacity for the removal of pure iron and zinc was 5902 and 5633 Milligram per gram−1 , respectively. When iron and zinc were removed from the same solution, the adsorptive capacity of TCNF was 5852 and 5622 Milligram per gram−1 , respectively. For cobalt adsorption, its concentration decreased from 50 gram per liter−1 to 8.3 gram per liter−1 . Subsequently, the TCNF samples impregnated with metals were subjected to calcination to produce nanostructured oxides. At temperatures above 300 C degrees, hematite phases were identified, and at 400 C degrees, zincite and franklinite phases were identified through Rietveld refinements of the obtained diffractograms. Additionally, when calcined in an inert atmosphere, the appearance of oxides was observed. Moreover, all morphologies were analyzed via TEM and SEM, resembling a nanocoral with thicknesses between 20 and 30 nm. The zinc ferrite samples were applied to tetracycline adsorption with an adsorptive capacity of 18 miligram per gram−1 and also as a capacitor, achieving a capacitance value of 2031 Farad per gram−1 . The cobalt ferrite sample was used as a catalyst for hydrogen extraction from borohydride, and the amount of extracted H2 was around 476.4 liters of hydrogen produced per gram of sodium borohydride per gram of catalyst. The activation energy for the reaction was calculated to be approximately 57 Kilojoules per mole−1 . Therefore, the innovative route for the synthesis of nanostructured oxides appears to be promising.