This dissertation aims to historically analyze changes in temporal structures in the 20th century, especially from 1945 onwards, with the nuclear phenomenon. For this, we use here mainly the writings of the German intellectual Günther Anders (1902-1992), based on his critical look at the tenuous relationship between scientific development and the increase in the destructive power of the war machine. This analysis is based on a recurrent statement in the author s texts: that an irreversible change in humanity s future perspectives occurred after the emergence and use of atomic weapons in the last century. For Anders, August 6, 1945, in Hiroshima, marks the beginning of a New Era. An Atomic Age where the possibility of humanity s self-extinction through nuclear weapons is empirically proven. It is intended, therefore, to investigate how the author configures this category of Atomic Age and how it relates to other categories of time present in the historiography of the period, seeking to understand in greater depth the new temporal configurations that appear after the phenomenon nuclear.