This thesis verses on the relationship between syndicate action in the federal public service, more specifically in a federal public university, with worker health. It starts from a scenario of transformations in the world of work, propagation of ultra-neoliberal ideas, which directly affect the State amid the capitalist system, aggravated by the impact of the covid-19 pandemic. The theoretical path that was built has its origins in the understanding of work in the capitalist logic, it also permeates the composition of the Brazilian ultra-neoliberal State that approved the labor and social security counter-reforms whose effects reverberate in the worker, its health and in its collective organization through the syndical spaces. We chose to carry out a qualitative research, based on the historical-dialectical framework, in a critical perspective of trade unionism and workers health, all of them were considered from the analyzed university. A case study was adopted as research methodology, placing it at the interface between syndicate action and workers health, which was understood as a necessary interrelation. The main data collection technique carried out were based on semi-structured interviews, previously prepared and remotely applied through videoconference, to 15 (fifteen) workers, divided between the groups: syndical management, worker s health unit, workers who use the worker s health service that make up the base of the teaching syndicate and the technicians syndicate, substitute teacher, outsourced administrative, outsourced cleaning team and reinstated worker. The research results allow us to point out some directions: the new work configurations and the approved counter-reforms weakened the organization of syndicated and favored the empowerment of workers who make up the syndical base; the advance of neoconservative ideologies contributed to the increase in discriminatory actions that generate violence and suffering at work; competition between syndicates and the workers health unit prevented the advancement of effective measures for health promotion and surveillance at the university; the lack of effective management and structure to go through the covid-19 pandemic period contributes to the increase in the number of occurrences of moral harassment at work and mental exhaustion of workers; the action of more combative syndicates contributes to the valorization of workers health.