This thesis seeks to analyse, define, and delimit the contours of the category of animalization and the experiences that it can be linked to. Identifying the insufficiency of some theorizations that develop their analyses under the prism of sexism, racism, or only capitalism, this thesis does so from the species biopolitics reading, which allows us to understand how animalization functions as an operation of biopower through the constant and ambiguous division between human and animal. It happens that, in the face of several pre-modern experiences, it is not possible to equalize the emergence of animalization, understood in the terms of this thesis, to the context of colonial modernity. Thus, in the second part of this thesis, some experiences are traced that will allow us to understand why animality, as a technique of power, is a condition for the operation of animalization. In this sense, animality reveals itself as a technique of power from which biopower and governmentality develop and articulate.