The purpose of this Master s thesis is to study the bills that aim to criminalize HIV transmission in Brazil, especially the proceedings of PL 198/2015, which attempted to transform the intentional transmission of HIV into a heinous crime. I want to investigate the extent to which such proposals contribute to greater stigmatization of people living with HIV. I believe that, faced with a State that should be concerned about the race, class, gender and sexuality of people dying of AIDS in Brazil and implement public policies to increase access to prevention, the bet on criminalization only demonstrates a process of hierarchizing lives. Given this, the stigma, here, more than a mark that an individual possesses, is understood as a relation, as a process that ensures relations of power, domination and hierarchy. Second, such projects highlight the influence of the media on both the stigmatization of people living with HIV and criminal lawmaking. Third, that heterosexuality and Christianity are constitutive of this legislative production. Heterosexuality and Christianity are seen from a decolonial reading, so that they are understood not as mere personal orientations (sexual and religious), but rather as two hegemonic political regimes that shape behaviors and institutions, being intertwined with the dominations of race , class, gender and coloniality.