The main goal of the present study is to understand the mechanism of stabilization of emulsions by lamellar liquid crystals. Emulsions are colloidal dispersions formed by two immiscible liquids, such as water and oil. To guarantee the stability of the emulsions, it is necessary to add emulsifiers, such as surfactants, for example. In some types of cosmetics, it is very common to use liquid crystals, formed by the addition of fatty alcohols that act as co-surfactants, leading to the reduction of the curvature of the micelles and, consequently, to the transition to a phase of lamellar structure. In this work, for the preparation of the samples, substances often used as ingredients of cosmetic emulsions stabilized by liquid crystals were used: cetrimonium chloride, cetyl alcohol, water and mineral oil. Then, several techniques were used to: structural characterization at nanoscale by Small Angle X-Ray Scattering, SAXS, analysis of viscosity by flow curves and viscoelasticity by oscillatory tests using Rheology, determination of drops size distribution and monitoring emulsion stability by Optical Microscopy and Laser Diffraction. Thus, a systematic analysis was performed, varying several parameters, such as the concentration of components, preparation method and homogenization energy, allowing to determine how these parameters lead to different mechanisms of stabilization of emulsions by lamellar liquid crystals. In addition to affecting the droplet size, the energy applied for homogenization also determines the behavior of lamellar liquid crystals in the system. Among the different behaviors, it is worth mentioning the formation of a lamellar coating around the drops or a lamellar network spread over the continuous medium. The correlation of these phenomena with macroscopic properties, such as rheology and stability, will allow tuning the final properties in cosmetic emulsions, and even in other applications.