This work intends to present an introduction to the analysis and syntesis of output feedback control systems with robust characteristics. They are considered unstructured ans structured model uncertainties, disturbances, unknown inputs and noise. It is given a special emphasys on the control systems which were implemented by the use of state observers, which represents a special type of output feedback control systems. A review of the principais types of observers are done, including robust observers with interesting characteristics such as the capacity of simultaneous rejection and estimation of disturbances, and their features are compared in an example. After that, it is done an analysis of the resultant systems when state observers are introduced in the control system in the presence of uncertainties, showing limitations to apply the Separation Principle. Modern techniques of robust control are used to enhance the properties of robustness of the control systems, such as Loop Transfer Recovery (LTR) technique and H(infinito) control.It is also shown that an adequate choice of the free parameters in the LQC control allows to synthetize robust controllers. These techniques are used to solve specific problems in the control of flexible structures, including disturbances in the plant input, uncertainties caused by unmodeled dynamic in high frequency ( spillover problem ) and parametric uncertainties. The techniques applied in this work show effectiveness and simplicity.