The Community of Itambi, located in the municipality of Itaboraí, Metropolitan Region of Rio de Janeiro, will be de-re-territorialized the mangroves of the Environmental Protection Area of Guapimirim for a Housing, while the Petrochemical Complex of Rio de Janeiro (COMPERJ) is installed in the municipality. The contradictions between the model of social and spatial development via COMPERJ with local potential are sharp, diverging from the conceptions of development (s) and sustainability (s) defended in this research, which are construed in accordance with the particular perspectives of the territories that emanate history and culture specific and, therefore, other rationales linked the idea of quality of life. The managers involved in policy development based on a concept of partial productivity, understood as the ability of investments to increase the financial income in the short term, even if they reduce the productivity of energy, natural capital and dismantle the cultural diversities. It is argued that how the specific potential sites to be leveraged with the involvement of the Community of Itambi in decision making in development projects in the territory in which they are inserted. It seeks to strengthen the fight then the Community of Itambi and other peoples in Brazil for more rights and freedoms. This paper attempts to contribute so effectively to the fight for social justice, to reduce inequalities, and the recognition of territorial diversity.