The essay analyzes, the period of formation of Brazil´s Empire as an autonomous politic party, during 1821 to 1825, the diversified character of the politics language and the dispute about their meanings. The focus of the study is in the politic project of the carmelita Frei Joaquim do Amor Divino Rabelo Caneca, signalizing the critics made by the author to the Emperor and the Court, his communication toward the federalists pernambucanos and also the singularity referring to his questionings and his horizon of expectations. From the main political writings of Frei Caneca are recouped, first, the experiences that influenciated the thoughts of the author, his nets of sociability and the influence of his formation At a second moment the essay turns to Frei Caneca´s thoughts toward the constitutionalists debates, occurred in the pernambucana province and the politic conflicts traced by the Carmelita when defending principles in regard of the concepts of: State, Nation, Native, land and Citizen Finally, I analyze the approach between the concepts of freedom of Frei Caneca and the conception made for the humanists of renaissance.