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Critério de Estabilidade de Nyquist

Para que o sistema seja estável, ele não deve ter zeros da FTMF no SPAD. O critério de estabilidade de Nyquist diz que o número Z de zeros no SPAD pode ser calculado através de

Z = P - N

Onde:

P - Número de polos da FTMF no SPAD (que é igual ao número de polos da FTMA no SPAD).

N - Número de voltas no sentido horário que o diagrama de Nyquist dá em torno do ponto -1.

 
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The PID Controller

The PID Controller has three components: the proportional part, K_{P}, the integral part, K_{I}, and the derivative part, K_{D}. Its transfer function is:

G\left ( s \right )=K_{P}+\frac{K_{I}}{s}+s\cdot K_{D}

Each part has a different role in the control action:

K_{P} - reduces the rise time and the error with respect to the reference (though it does not eliminate it); it increases the overshoot .

K_{I} - eliminates the error with respect to the reference, but changes the transient behavior; the settling time and the overshoot are increased.

K_{D} - makes the system more stable and reduces the overshoot and the settling time.

 

SIMULAÇÕES EM ENGENHARIA ELÉTRICA

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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INVERTED PENDULUM

STABILIZATION USING THE PID CONTROLLER

How can the system be stabilized?

The use of a PID controller is a possibility.

Consider the block diagram that shows a feedback connection using a controller with transfer function C(s).


To see details of the PIC controller click on the magnifying glass.

It is necessary to determine the values of K_{P}, K_{I} and K_{D} so that the system behavior meets the specifications. The impulse response is used to examine the system behavior.


M= kg       I= kg.m^2      m= kg      g = 9.8 ~~ kg.m / s^2

b= N/m/s     l= m     K_{P}=   K_{I}=   K_{D}=



The stability condition may also be examined using the Nyquist Stability Criterion and the open loop transfer function.

Real axis from to   Imaginary axis from to



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