This work is the result of a research on the construction of identity quilombola and relations with the field of education, in a community reminiscent of quilombos, situated in the city of Quatis, state of Rio de Janeiro. We intend to investigate how the recognition of quilombo, as subjects of law, is translated in terms of public policy at the level of the MEC / National Council of Education and Department of Continuing Education, Literacy, Diversity and Inclusion - SECADI, and Curriculum Guidelines National Educational School Quilombola, its maximum expression rules. To this end, the objective is to analyze how the quilombola school education has been made in the mediation between the State, the movement quilombola, researchers, school of Santana and the Municipal Departament of Education Quatis. A perspective that seeks to understand, the dynamics of relationships between, macro and micro, between the particular and the general. The research was based on comment of the community and the daily pertaining to scool, in interviews, stories and the document analysis. The theoretical referencial was anchored mainly in the theory of the recognition of Nancy Fraser, Axel Honnet and Charles Taylor, as in estimated the theoretician-metodologics of the Cycles of Politics of Stephen Ball.