Within the Pauline epistolary the Letter to the Romans is consecrated by several scholars as the greatest testimony of the mission of Araldo Paul. Comprising sixteen chapters, it brings in its bulge, among others, relevant themes such as justification by faith, the Law, life in the Spirit and divine filiation. The center of this Epistle is apparently in chapter 8 where a treatise on spirit is developed. The present research will develop a study in the literary unit of Rm 8,14-17 from the viewpoint of the reception of the life in the Spirit that, consequently, generates children of God, making the man heir of the Father and co-heir of Christ. However, it is worth noting that the mystery of the divine sonship was not foreign to the chosen people, for God was considered to be the Father of Nations and everything created in heaven and on earth according to Tanak (Gen 1,1-2,4a). However, with Christ, an unprecedented new perspective is inaugurated in the history of salvation. By this bias, this theme will always be current, since the New Testament texts have as their main goal the epiphany of the person of Jesus Christ, the Son of God, who in himself is the fullness of the revelation of the Father in the life of the Christian (John 12,45; 14,6-11). In this way, in Christ through the Holy Spirit, we were given the possibility to participate in the divine life, which we received in Baptism and allow us the filial intimacy to shout Abba Father. Finally, all this reflection was only possible to us by wealth which we find in the tools used, provided by historical-critical, rhetorical methods and the vast literary contribution set forth in exegetical dictionaries and commentaries.